Yanayin annobar COVID-19 ya ninka kwarin gwiwar saka hannun jari na "sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa"

Dalilin da ya sa ake kiran "sabon kayayyakin more rayuwa" da "sabo" yana da alaƙa da kayayyakin more rayuwa na gargajiya kamar "baƙin ƙarfe na jama'a", wanda galibi ke hidima ga kayayyakin more rayuwa na ɓangaren kimiyya da fasaha. Aikin tarihi na "sabon kayayyakin more rayuwa" mai kama da haka shine "ƙasa" da Shugaban Amurka Clinton ya gabatar a shekarar 1993. "Bayani Superhighway", babban ginin kayayyakin more rayuwa a fannin bayanai, shirin ya yi tasiri sosai a duk duniya, kuma ya haifar da ɗaukakar tattalin arzikin bayanai na Amurka nan gaba. A zamanin tattalin arzikin masana'antu, gina ababen more rayuwa yana nuna haɓaka albarkatun zahiri. Gudummawa da haɗakar sarkar samar da kayayyaki; a zamanin tattalin arzikin dijital, sadarwa ta wayar hannu, manyan bayanai, fasahar wucin gadi da sauran kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa da wuraren cibiyoyin bayanai sun zama dole kuma kayayyakin more rayuwa na duniya baki ɗaya.

"Sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa" da aka gabatar a wannan karon yana da faffadan ma'ana da kuma manyan manufofin sabis. Misali, 5G na sadarwa ne ta wayar hannu, UHV na wutar lantarki ne, jigilar jirgin ƙasa mai sauri tsakanin birane da kuma jigilar jirgin ƙasa tsakanin birane su ne sufuri, manyan cibiyoyin bayanai na Intanet da ayyukan dijital ne, kuma fasahar wucin gadi da Intanet na masana'antu fanni ne mai wadata da bambance-bambance. Wannan na iya haifar da matsala cewa komai yana cikinsa, amma wannan kuma yana da alaƙa da kalmar "sabo" saboda sabbin abubuwa suna ci gaba koyaushe.

A shekarar 2019, hukumomin da abin ya shafa sun tsara bayanan ayyukan PPP na cikin gida, inda aka zuba jimillar jarin Yuan tiriliyan 17.6, kuma gina ababen more rayuwa har yanzu babban ci gaba ne, Yuan tiriliyan 7.1, wanda ya kai kashi 41%; gidaje suna matsayi na biyu, Yuan tiriliyan 3.4, wanda ya kai kashi 20%; "Sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa" sun kai kusan Yuan biliyan 100, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 0.5%, kuma jimillar kudin ba ta da yawa. A cewar kididdigar da mujallar Business Herald ta 21st Century ta fitar, ya zuwa ranar 5 ga Maris, an takaita jerin shirye-shiryen saka hannun jari na gaba da larduna da kananan hukumomi 24 suka fitar, wadanda suka kunshi ayyuka 22,000, tare da jimillar kudaden yuan tiriliyan 47.6, da kuma shirin saka hannun jari na Yuan tiriliyan 8 a shekarar 2020. Kason "sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa" ya riga ya kai kusan kashi 10%.

A lokacin wannan annoba, tattalin arzikin dijital ya nuna ƙarfi, kuma tsare-tsare da yawa na dijital kamar rayuwar girgije, ofishin girgije, da tattalin arzikin girgije sun fara bunƙasa sosai, wanda hakan ya ƙara wa ginin "sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa". Bayan annobar, la'akari da ƙarfafa tattalin arziki, "sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa" zai jawo hankali da saka hannun jari sosai, da kuma ƙarin tsammanin ƙarfafa ci gaban tattalin arziki.

Yawan amfani da ƙarfe a fannoni bakwai

Tsarin manyan fannoni bakwai na "sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa" ya dogara ne akan tattalin arzikin dijital da tattalin arziki mai wayo. Masana'antar ƙarfe za ta amfana daga sabon makamashin motsi da sabon damar da "sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa" ke bayarwa zuwa babban mataki, kuma za a kuma kasance "Kayan more rayuwa" suna samar da kayan yau da kullun da ake buƙata.

An rarraba su ta fannoni bakwai da ƙarfin ƙarfe don kayan ƙarfe, daga sama zuwa ƙasa, su ne layin dogo mai sauri tsakanin birane da layin dogo tsakanin birane, UHV, sabon tarin caji na abin hawa mai kuzari, tashar tushe ta 5G, babban cibiyar bayanai, Intanet na masana'antu, fasahar wucin gadi.

A cewar shirin "Thirteenth Three-Bit-Shirye" na National Railway, tsarin tafiyar jirgin ƙasa mai sauri na shekarar 2020 zai kasance kilomita 30,000. A shekarar 2019, tafiyar jirgin ƙasa mai sauri a yanzu ta kai kilomita 35,000, kuma an wuce burin da aka tsara kafin lokacin da aka tsara." A shekarar 2020, layin dogo na ƙasa zai zuba jarin yuan biliyan 800 kuma ya fara aiki da sabbin layukan dogo na kilomita 4,000, wanda layin dogo mai sauri zai kasance kilomita 2,000. Za a mayar da hankali kan gazawa, hanyoyin sadarwa masu ɓoye, kuma ƙarfin jarin zai kasance iri ɗaya a shekarar 2019. Dangane da tushen tushen tsarin cibiyar sadarwa ta ƙasa, a shekarar 2019, jimillar nisan layukan birane a ƙasar zai kai kilomita 6,730, ƙaruwar kilomita 969, kuma ƙarfin jarin zai kai kusan biliyan 700. Sakamakon ingantaccen sigar manufar "sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa", Haɗin yanki a ƙarƙashin hanyar sadarwa ta baya, ayyukan ɓoye bayanai, wato layin dogo mai sauri a tsakanin birane da jigilar jiragen ƙasa tsakanin birane, za su zama abin da za a mayar da hankali a kai a nan gaba. Yayin da yankunan da suka ci gaba a fannin tattalin arziki, buƙatar da ake da ita ta fi yawa, yankin da za a mayar da hankali a kai shi ne Kogin Yangtze. Delta, Zhuhai A cewar shirin "Shanghai 2035", Changjiang, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei da Changjiang za su samar da hanyar sadarwa ta sufuri ta layin dogo mai tsawon kilomita 1000, wadda ta kunshi layukan birane, layukan tsakanin birane, da layukan gida. Zuba jarin dala miliyan 100 a layin dogo yana bukatar akalla amfani da karfe 0.333. Akwai jarin dala tiriliyan 1 dalar Amurka don samar da bukatar tan 3333 na karfe, kuma amfani da shi na tsawon lokaci shine kayan gini da kayan layin dogo.

UHV. Wannan fanni galibi yana ƙarƙashin tsarin Jihar Grid. Yanzu ya bayyana cewa a shekarar 2020, za a amince da UHV guda 7. Wannan jan ƙarfe galibi yana bayyana ne a cikin ƙarfe na lantarki. A shekarar 2019, yawan amfani da ƙarfe na lantarki ya kai tan 979, wanda ya karu da kashi 6.6% sau da yawa. Bayan ƙaruwar saka hannun jari a cikin layin wutar lantarki da UHV ya kawo, ana sa ran buƙatar ƙarfe na lantarki za ta ƙaru.

Tarin sabbin motocin makamashi. A cewar "Shirin Ci Gaban Masana'antar Motocin Makamashi na Sabuwar Makamashi", rabon lalacewa shine 1:1, kuma za a sami kimanin tarin caji miliyan 7 a China nan da shekarar 2025. Turin caji ya ƙunshi mai masaukin kayan aiki, kebul, ginshiƙai da sauran kayan taimako. Turin caji na 7KW yana kashe kimanin 20,000, kuma 120KW yana buƙatar kimanin 150,000. Adadin ƙarfe don ƙananan tarin caji an rage shi. Manyan za su ƙunshi wasu ƙarfe don maƙallan. An ƙididdige su don matsakaicin tan 0.5 kowanne, tarin caji miliyan 7 yana buƙatar kimanin tan 350 na ƙarfe.

Tashar tushe ta 5G. Bisa hasashen Cibiyar Sadarwa ta China, ana sa ran jarin ƙasata a gina hanyar sadarwa ta 5G zai kai Yuan tiriliyan 1.2 nan da shekarar 2025; jarin da aka zuba a kayan aikin 5G a shekarar 2020 zai kai biliyan 90.2, wanda za a zuba biliyan 45.1 a manyan kayan aiki, sannan za a haɗa da sauran kayan aiki na taimako kamar su mast na hasumiyoyin sadarwa. An raba kayayyakin more rayuwa na 5G zuwa nau'ikan tashoshin tushe guda biyu da ƙananan tashoshin tushe. Babban hasumiyar waje tashar tushe ce kuma babban aikin gine-gine ne na yanzu. Gina tashar tushe ta macro ya ƙunshi manyan kayan aiki, kayan aikin tallafawa wutar lantarki, gine-gine na farar hula, da sauransu. Karfe da ke cikinta shine ɗakin injina, kabad, kabad, mast na hasumiyoyin sadarwa, da sauransu. Girman ƙarfe na mast na hasumiyar sadarwa ya kai girmansa, kuma nauyin hasumiyar bututu uku ta yau da kullun ya kai kimanin tan 8.5, amma yawancin tashoshin tushe na macro da ƙananan tashoshin tushe za su dogara ne akan 2/3/4G da sauran wuraren sadarwa. Ana amfani da ƙananan tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki galibi a yankunan da ke da cunkoson jama'a, kuma ƙarancin amfani da ƙarfe. Saboda haka, jimillar amfani da ƙarfe da tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki na 5G ke yi ba zai yi yawa ba. Kimanin kashi 5% na jarin da tashar samar da wutar lantarki ke yi, ana buƙatar ƙarfe, kuma jarin da aka zuba a kan fasahar samar da wutar lantarki ta 5G yana haifar da ƙaruwar amfani da ƙarfe da kusan Yuan biliyan 50.

Babban cibiyar bayanai, fasahar kere-kere ta wucin gadi, Intanet ta masana'antu. Ana saka hannun jari a kayan aiki galibi a ɗakunan kwamfuta, sabar, da sauransu, idan aka kwatanta da sauran fannoni huɗu, yawan amfani da ƙarfe kai tsaye ba shi da yawa.

Ganin Amfani da Karfe "Sabbin Kayayyakin more rayuwa" daga Samfuran Guangdong

Duk da cewa adadin ƙarfe da ake amfani da shi a manyan fannoni bakwai ya bambanta, saboda jigilar jiragen ƙasa tana da babban kaso na sabbin jarin kayayyakin more rayuwa da gini, zai zama a bayyane yake cewa za a ƙara yawan amfani da ƙarfe. A cewar jerin ayyukan saka hannun jari da Lardin Guangdong ya buga, akwai manyan ayyukan gini 1,230 a shekarar 2020, tare da jimillar jarin yuan tiriliyan 5.9, da kuma ayyuka 868 na farko, tare da an kiyasta jimillar jarin yuan tiriliyan 3.4. Sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa sun kai daidai yuan tiriliyan 1, wanda ya kai kashi 10% na jimlar shirin saka hannun jari na yuan tiriliyan 9.3.

Gabaɗaya, jimillar jarin da aka zuba a sufurin jiragen ƙasa tsakanin birane da kuma jigilar jiragen ƙasa na birane ya kai yuan biliyan 906.9, wanda ya kai kashi 90%. Girman jarin da aka zuba a kashi 90% shi ne ainihin yankin da ke da yawan ƙarfe, kuma adadin ayyuka 39 ya fi na sauran yankuna. A cewar bayanai daga Hukumar Raya Ƙasa da Gyaran Ƙasa, amincewar ayyukan sufurin jiragen ƙasa tsakanin birane da birane ya riga ya kai tiriliyan. Ana sa ran wannan yanki zai zama wurin da za a zuba jari a sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa dangane da girma da adadi.

Saboda haka, "sabon kayayyakin more rayuwa" dama ce ga masana'antar ƙarfe don haɓaka inganci da ingancinta, kuma za ta samar da sabon wurin ci gaba ga buƙatun ƙarfe.